Mahatma Gandhi (1869-1948) was the supreme leader of the Indian nationalist movement, which he led for about thirty years, between 1917 and 1947. He was a thinker as he challenged the assumptions and theories of most of his time. , And in their place, they provided possible and sensible alternatives. It is really difficult to project Gandhiji in a certain frame. He was more than Plato, one might call him Socrates; He was more than Aristotle, one could call him Buddha; It was more than a mill or marks, one could say Hima Guru Nanak. Gandhiji was liberal among Marxists and Marxist among liberals; He was a democracy among individualists and an individualist among socialists. He was an idealist among realists and a realist among idealists. He gathered the marks of all the well-known ideologies of the past and present. Gandhi As a critic of Western culture, Gandhiji was a critic of Western culture. His complaint against Western materialism is that it destroys the essence of ghosts. He considered the Western type of man to be an atom, a flesh and a soulless person. Facing the existing state in the West, Gandhiji advocated what he called utopia; Unlike the Western style of manipulating things by centralizing forces, he advocated decentralized policy. Against materialism, industrial industrialization and capitalism, he made a strong case for indigenous, craft industries and the principle of trusteeship. 3.3.5 State, Decentralization, Handicraft Industries, Trusteeship Gandhiji is not a fan of the state that exists in western society. For them, the Western state represents “violence in concentrated form”; It is a seamless machine.
As a result, Gandhiji, as a philosophical chaos, accepted the state, but very reluctantly, only when it was most needed. Gandhianism represents a non-violent state (i) based on the consent of the people (ii) close unity in society. Gandhi advocated decentralization of power: both political and economic. The spirit of Gandhian democracy is the spirit of decentralization. Decentralization is the deviation of power at each level starting from the individual / local unit and reaching the top. The essence of decentralization, according to Gandhiji, is that all powers flow from below and rise in ascending order. It is believed that political power, in the Gandhian scheme, survives with individuals: the center of all activities, the deployment of Swaraj; From the individual, power is transferred to the village; From the village, the power goes to the higher unit and eventually it ends with the central / national government, which practically performs only coordination functions. Thus, what a person does or cannot do is done by the village, which the village does not do by the local / regional government; What the regional / provincial government does not do is the central / national government.
The spirit of the Gandhian utopia is that it is a system of self-regulation in which everyone has their own rulers and no barriers for neighbors. Gandhiji's idea of decentralization has an economic aspect. He also vowed to regain economic power. He advocated village economy by promoting village, small and handicraft industries. In fact, it was for a self-sufficient village economy. Swadeshi's idea is that "it is the spirit that enables us to serve our immediate neighbors and use the things produced in our neighborhood in the most remote choice." Gandhiji advocated the revival of indigenous industries so that people could have enough to eat. According to him, any kind of economy that exploited the people and helped to concentrate wealth in a lesser hand is condemned. Gandhiji's idea of parenting was unique. It was unique because its purpose was to establish gentle personal and state relations between capital and labor.
In public that all property is owned by the community, Gandhi declared that all owners (businessmen, capitalists and the like) are administrators owned by him. As such, every employee (workers, etc.) is entitled only to the money to meet their needs. For Gandhiji, there is no individual owner: everyone works and everyone is a worker; All serve which renders one; The benefit is not of the owner, but of the community. Employers are trustees, not teachers; Employee labor is an essential component of companies, not slaves. Ends and the meaning According to Gandhiji, two aspects of the same reality i.e. two sides of the same coin form the end and the meaning. They make an organic whole. The end develops through the medium "As is the medium, so is the end." Saying Gandhiji. He also said that media can be compared to seeds; There is an equally unique connection between the end up to a tree and the media and the end between the seed and the tree. That is why it always insisted on the purity of the means to achieve the end. Impure meaning cannot achieve the pure end. "Again," For me, non-violence comes before Swaraj, The realization of purpose should be for Gandhiji, which is proportional to that instrument.
It means to justify the end. Sarvodaya's society and Gandhianism is not just a principle of politics, economy, religion, strategy, without or even a principle of society. But in the sense that as human beings, everyone is equal. According to Gandhiji, a society based on equality is a society that rejects any kind of discrimination: be it race, caste, class, race, caste or region. We are born as human beings. Yes, not as Hindus or Muslims, we are born as human beings, not as the existence of a higher caste or a Dalit. Gandhiji opposes all kinds of discriminatory tendencies and instincts. There is no doubt about it Not Ryo. In fact, it was more for the well-being of the weak, that is, for women than for men; For the weaker sections of the society: Harijans, Dalits. It’s not that he wanted to deprive “A” and “give” “B”; That is, I give more to 'B' to reach the height of 'A'. He advocated for equality of people in social, economic and political hierarchies.
The idea of their similarity is not to close the gap and give them distance. In Gandhiji's conception of Sarvodaya, he summarizes his views about the type of society he dreamed of. Sarvodaya, as Gandhiji envisioned, is the best of all members of society. It is the well-being of all. It is the good of the individual with the good of all, that is, the good of all with the good of all. The concept of good in Sarvodaya is not only material, it is also moral and spiritual.
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